Citing Marcus Aurelius: A Guide To Referencing Meditations

There are several ways to cite Marcus Aurelius' Meditations, depending on the style guide you are using. For example, here is how you would cite the work according to the APA Publication Manual (7th edition):

> Aurelius, M. (2002). Meditations. Random House.

> Aurelius, Marcus. 2002. Meditations. New York, NY: Random House.

And here is the citation according to the MLA handbook (9th edition):

> Aurelius, Marcus. The Meditations. Random House, 2002.

APA citation generator

The use of an APA citation generator has several benefits. Firstly, it saves time by automatically formatting citations, which can be a tedious and time-consuming task when done manually. Secondly, it ensures that citations are consistent and adhere to the correct style guidelines, reducing the risk of accidental plagiarism and improving the accuracy of the bibliography. This can ultimately lead to higher grades, as accurate citations are an important aspect of academic writing.

There are various APA citation generators available online, such as those offered by BibGuru, MyBib, and Scribbr. These tools support a range of source types, including websites, books, journals, and newspapers, and can be integrated with word-processing software like Microsoft Word and Google Docs. Additionally, some generators offer features such as exporting to Bib(La)TeX, sorting and grouping references, and supporting multiple citation styles.

> Aurelius, M. (2014). Meditations (M. Hammond, Trans.). Penguin Classics.

Or

> Aurelius, Marcus. 2014. Meditations. Translated by Martin Hammond. Penguin Pocket Hardbacks. London, England: Penguin Classics.

Chicago style citation

When citing Marcus Aurelius' "Meditations" in Chicago style, there are two formats you can use: Chicago (notes-bibliography) and Chicago (author-date).

Chicago (notes-bibliography)

This citation style typically features footnotes or endnotes coupled with a bibliography. Here's how you would cite "Meditations" in this format:

• Footnote or endnote: Marcus Aurelius, *Meditations* (New York: Random House, 2002).
• Bibliography:

> Aurelius, Marcus. *Meditations*. New York: Random House, 2002.

Chicago (author-date)

This citation style uses parenthetical citations within the text, along with a corresponding reference list. Here's how you would cite "Meditations" in this format:

• In-text citation: (Aurelius 2002)
• Reference list:

> Aurelius, Marcus. 2002. *Meditations*. New York: Random House.

Additional Considerations

When citing "Meditations," ensure that you are using the correct edition and publication details. The provided examples use the Random House edition from 2002. However, "Meditations" has been published by various publishers and in multiple editions, including Penguin Classics in 2014 and Peter Pauper Press in 1942.

When citing specific translations, include the translator's name in the citation. For example, the BibGuru citation for the 2014 Penguin Classics edition includes the translator, Martin Hammond:

> Aurelius, Marcus. 2014. *Meditations*. Translated by Martin Hammond. London, England: Penguin Classics.

MLA citation

To cite Marcus Aurelius's 'Meditations' in MLA format, you can follow this general template:

> Aurelius, Marcus. Meditations. [Translation details, if applicable]. [Publisher], [Year].

For the 2002 edition translated by Gregory Hays and published by Random House:

> Aurelius, Marcus. Meditations. Translated by Gregory Hays, Random House, 2002.

For the 2014 edition translated by Martin Hammond and published by Penguin Classics:

> Aurelius, Marcus. Meditations. Translated by Martin Hammond, Penguin Classics, 2014.

If you are citing a specific part of the book, such as a particular book or chapter, you can include this information after the title. For example:

> Aurelius, Marcus. Meditations, Book IV. Translated by George Chrystal, 1902.

This format follows the guidelines from the MLA Handbook, 9th edition.

Harvard, Turabian, Vancouver citation styles

When citing Marcus Aurelius' "Meditations", the specific format will depend on the style guide you are using. Here is how you would cite "Meditations" according to the Harvard, Turabian, and Vancouver styles:

Harvard:

The Harvard Referencing Style Guide suggests the following format for books:

> Aurelius, Marcus. (Year). Meditations. Location: Publisher.

For example, citing the 2002 edition published by Random House would look like this:

> Aurelius, Marcus. (2002). Meditations. New York: Random House.

Turabian:

The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition, is the basis for Turabian style. Here is how you would format the citation for "Meditations" in this style:

> Marcus Aurelius, Meditations (Location: Publisher, Year).

For example:

> Marcus Aurelius, Meditations (New York: Random House, 2002).

Vancouver:

The Vancouver style has two formatting options for citing "Meditations":

> 1. Aurelius, Marcus. Meditations. Location: Publisher, Year.

> 2. Marcus Aurelius, Emperor of Rome, 121-180. The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius. Location: Publisher, Year.

For example:

> 1. Aurelius, Marcus. Meditations. New York: Random House, 2002.

> 2. Marcus Aurelius, Emperor of Rome, 121-180. The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius. Mount Vernon [N.Y.]: Peter Pauper Press, 1942.

AMA, ASA, APSA, CSE, IEEE citation styles

AMA style:

> Aurelius, Marcus, Meditations. Random House; 2002.

ASA style:

> Aurelius, Marcus. 2002. 'Meditations'. Random House.

APSA style:

> Aurelius, Marcus. 2002. Meditations. New York, NY: Random House.

CSE style:

> Aurelius, Marcus, and Gregory Hays. 2002. Meditations. Random House.

IEEE style:

> M. Aurelius, Meditations, Random House, 2002.

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